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1. »ê¾÷ÇöÀåÀ̳ª °Ç¼³ÇöÀå¿¡¼­ ´Ù¾çÇÑ »ç°í³ª »ê¾÷ÀçÇØ·Î ÀÎÇÑ »ç¸Á»ç°í µîÀº ¸¹Àº »çȸÀû ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¾ß±âÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í(Various accidents or deaths caused by industrial accidents at industrial sites or construction sites are causing many social problems), À§ °³º° ÇöÀåµé¿¡¼­ ÀçÇØ°¡ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â ¿øÀÎÀº ´Ù¾çÇÏÁö¸¸(There are various causes of continuous disasters at the above individual sites) ±Ùº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ±â¾÷¿¡ ¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç°ü¸®Ã¼°è°¡ Á¦´ë·Î ±¸ÃàµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù´Â °ú°ÅÀÇ ¹Ý¼ºÀûÀ¸·Î À̸¦ ¹æÁöÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â Â÷¿øÀÇ »ê¾÷¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç¹ý, Áß´ëÀçÇØó¹ú¹ý µîÀÌ ÀÔ¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦Á¤µÇ¾î ½Ç½ÃµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù(The Occupational Safety and Health Act and the Serious Disaster Punishment Act were legislatively enacted to prevent the past reflection that the safety and health management system was not properly established in companies). 

»ê¾÷ÀçÇØ°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¸é °ü·Ã Àû¿ë¹ý·ü¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¿ä°ÇµéÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ°í, ±× Àû¿ë¹ý·ÉÀÇ ÁÖü°¡ ´©±¸ÀÎÁö¸¦ ÆľÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù(In the event of an industrial accident, the requirements of the relevant applicable law are important, and it is necessary to identify who is the subject of the applicable law). Á¾Àü »ê¾÷¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç¹ýÀÌ ±Ù·ÎÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ÈÀü ¹× º¸°ÇÁ¶Ä¡Àǹ«¸¦ ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í, 1981³â Á¦Á¤µÈ ÀÌÈÄ ¾ÈÀüº¸°ÇÁ¶Ä¡¹ÌÀÌÇàÁ˷μ­ Çü»çó¹ú±îÁöµµ ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½¿¡µµ Çü»çÀû ¹ýÁ¤ÇüÀÌ ÇöÀúÈ÷ ³·´Ù´Â ÁöÀû°ú ÇÔ²² ¾ÈÀü ¹× º¸°ÇÁ¶Ä¡Àǹ«¹ÌÀÌÇàÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ »ç¸ÁÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â »óÀÀÇϴ ó¹ú±ÔÁ¤ÀÇ °ø¹éÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÁöÀûÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù(Although the previous Occupational Safety and Health Act stipulates safety and health measures for workers and criminal punishment for failure to fulfill safety and health measures since enacted 1981, it has been pointed out that the criticism that the criminal court sentence is significantly lower and there is a gap in the punishment regulations for deaths due to failure to fulfill safety and health measures). Áï ÇöÀå°¨µ¶ÀÚÀÇ ¹üÀ§¸¦ ³Ñ¾î °æ¿µÀÚ±îÁö Ã¥ÀÓ ¹üÀ§°¡ È®´ëµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â Çʿ伺ÀÌ Á¦±âµÇ¾ú°í, »ê¾÷ÀçÇظ¦ ³Ñ¾î ½Ã¹ÎÀçÇرîÁöµµ Æ÷ÇÔÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â Çʿ伺ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù(In other words, there was a need to expand the scope of responsibility beyond the scope of field supervisors to managers, and to include civil accidents beyond industrial accidents). ±×·¯´Ù 2018³â 12¿ù °æ °í ±è¿ë±Õ¾¾ »ç¸Á»ç°í¸¦ °è±â·Î Áß´ëÀçÇØÀÇ Á¦Á¤ÀÌ º»°ÝÀûÀ¸·Î ±¹È¸¿¡¼­ ³íÀǵǾú°í, 2021³â 1¿ù ±¹È¸¸¦ Åë°úÇÏ¿´´Ù(Then, in the wake of the death of the late Kim Yong-kyun in December 2018, the enactment of a serious disaster was discussed in the National Assembly in earnest, and passed the National Assembly in January 2021.).

1) ¸ÕÀú »ê¾÷¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç¹ýÀº ¸ñÀûÀÌ »ê¾÷¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç¿¡ °üÇÑ ±âÁØ°ú Ã¥ÀÓÀ» °¡·Á »ç¾÷ÁÖÀÇ Àǹ«¿Í ÇàÁ¤°üûÀÇ °ü¸®°¨µ¶ ±×¸®°í À§¹Ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã³¹ú µîÀ» ÅëÇØ ±Ù·ÎÀÚÀÇ ¾ÈÀü°ú º¸°ÇÀ» È®º¸ÇÏ¿© »ê¾÷ÀçÇظ¦ ¿¹¹æÇϱâ À§ÇÔÀ¸·Î(First, the Occupational Safety and Health Act aims to prevent industrial accidents by ensuring the safety and health of workers through the employer's duties, supervision of the administrative office, and punishment for violations), ±× ÁÖü°¡ ¹ýÀÎÀ̳ª °³Àλç¾÷À» ºÒ¹®ÇÏ°í »ç¾÷ÁÖ°¡ ±× ÁÖü°¡ µÇ¸ç, º¸È£ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ´ë»óÀº ±Ù·ÎÀÚ, ¼ö±ÞÀÎÀÇ ±Ù·ÎÀÚ, Ư¼öÇüÅÂÀÇ Á¾»ç°¡¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϸç, Àü »ç¾÷Àå¿¡ Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù(Regardless of whether it is a corporation or an individual business, the employer becomes the subject, and the targets to be protected include workers, contractors' workers, and special types of workers, and are applied to all workplaces)[¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç°ü¸®Ã¼Á¦´Â 50ÀÎ ÀÌ»ó »ç¾÷Àå Àû¿ë(The safety and health management system is applied to workplaces with 50 or more employees)]. 

2) ±Ù·ÎÀÚ°¡ ¾÷¹«¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Â °Ç¼³¹°, ¼³ºñ, ¿øÀç·á, °¡½º µî¿¡ ÀÇÇϰųª ÀÛ¾÷ ¶Ç´Â ±× ¹ÛÀÇ ¾÷¹«·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© »ç¸Á ¶Ç´Â ºÎ»ó´çÇϰųª Áúº´¿¡ °É¸®´Â °ÍÀ» »ê¾÷ÀçÇضó Çϸç(‘An industrial accident’ is an industrial accident when a worker is killed, injured, or sick due to construction, equipment, raw materials, gas, etc. related to work, or due to work or other duties) ±× Áß¿¡¼­ »ç¸Á µî ÀçÇØ Á¤µµ°¡ ½ÉÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¸¦ Áß´ëÀçÇضó°í ÇÑ´Ù(Among them, the degree of disaster such as death is severe, and the following cases are called ‘serious disasters’).   
3) »ê¾÷¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç¹ý¿¡¼­´Â ÇÁ·¹½º, °øÀÛ±â°è µî À§Çè ±â°è ȤÀº Æø¹ß¼º ¹°Áú µî À§Çè¹°Áú »ç¿ë½Ã, Ã߶ô ºØ±«ÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â À§ÇèÇÑ Àå¼Ò¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷ µî¿¡¼­´Â ÀûÀýÇÑ ¾ÈÀüÁ¶Ä¡¸¦ ÃëÇØ¾ß Çϸç(Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, appropriate safety measures shall be taken (1)when working in dangerous places (2)where dangerous materials such as presses, machine tools, or (3)explosive substances or (4)a dangerous place are likely to fall and collapse), À¯ÇØ ÀÛ¾÷ÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â »ê¾÷¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç±âÁØ¿¡ °üÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤´ë·Î º¸°ÇÁ¶Ä¡¸¦ ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù(In the case of hazardous work, health measures shall be taken in accordance with the provisions of the Industrial Safety and Health Standards). Áß´ëÀçÇØ°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ °æ¿ì¶ó¸é, °­È­µÈ Áß´ëÀçÇØó¹ú¹ý¿¡ µû¶ó ¾ÈÀü ¹× º¸°Ç È®º¸Àǹ«°¡ ÇöÀå¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö°í ÀÖ¾ú´ÂÁö ¿©ºÎ°¡ »ç¾÷ÁÖ ¶Ç´Â °æ¿µÃ¥ÀÓÀÚÀÇ Çü»çÀû ó¹ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓ±îÁöµµ ¹®Á¦µÈ´Ù(in the event of a major disaster, whether or not the duty to secure safety and health was carried out in the field under the Enhanced Serious Disaster Punishment Act is a matter of responsibility for criminal punishment by the employer or management manager). 

2. À§ Áß´ëÀçÇØó¹ú¹ýÀº °æ¿µÀÚ ÃøÀÇ ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ ¾ÈÀü±¸Á¶¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ÌÈí ºÎºÐÀ» ¿¹¹æº¸´Ù´Â °æ¿µÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã³¹ú¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡ÀÌ ¸ÂÃçÁ® ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¾ö¹úÁÖÀÇ ¿À·ù¸¦ ÁöÀûÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í(The above Serious Disaster Punishment Act points out the error of severe punishment from the management's point of view that it focuses on punishment for managers rather than preventing defects in Korea's safety structure), ƯÈ÷ °æ¿µÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸µµ°¡ ³ôÀº Áß¼Ò±â¾÷Àº °æ¿µÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã³¹úÀÌ °ð ȸ»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä¿´Ù¶õ Ÿ°ÝÀÌ µÇ¾î ¹®À» ´Ý¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç(In particular, small and medium-sized enterprises that rely heavily on managers say that punishment for managers will soon be a big blow to the company and have to close down), ³ëÃøÀº Á¦Á¤ ¹ý¾È ¿ø¾È¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¹ßÁÖóµµ ¾ÈÀüÀǹ«¸¦ Áö¿ì´Â Á¶Ç×ÀÌ »èÁ¦µÈ Á¡°ú ¿øûÀÌ Á¦3ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÀÓ´ë, ¿ë¿ª, µµ±ÞÀ» ÁØ °æ¿ì ¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç Á¶Ä¡ °øµ¿Àǹ«°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ¿øûÀÌ ½Ã¼³, ¼³ºñ µîÀ» ¼ÒÀ¯Çϰųª ±× Àå¼Ò¸¦ °ü¸®Çϴ åÀÓÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì·Î ÇÑÁ¤ÇÑ Á¡, Àΰü°ü°è ÃßÁ¤ Á¶Ç×ÀÌ »èÁ¦µÈ Á¡, 4³â µ¿¾ÈÀÇ ´Ü°èÀû À¯¿¹±â°£ÀÌ ÀÖ´Â Á¡ µîÀ» µé¾î ½ÇÈ¿¼ºÀÌ ¾ø´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù(The labor union also argue ineffective that deleted the clause imposing the safety obligation on the place of order in the original bill and limited it to cases where the original office is responsible for owning facilities, equipment, etc. or managing the place, not the joint duty of safety and health measures, the deletion of the provision for Causal estimation and the fact that there is a four-year grace period). 

3. °á±¹, Áß´ëÀçÇØó¹ú¹ýÀÇ ÀÌÇØ°ü°èÀÚÀÎ ³ë»çÃø ¸ðµÎ ÀÌ ¹ý¾È¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±× ´©±¸µµ ¸¸Á·ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ¹ý¾ÈÀÌ µÈ °ÍÀº »ç½ÇÀÌÁö¸¸, ±âÁ¸ÀÇ »ê¾÷¾ÈÀüº¸°Ç¹ý¿¡¼­ ´õ ÁøÀϺ¸ÇÏ¿© ±× ±Ù·ÎÀÚÀÇ º¸È£´ë»óÀ» ³ÐÈ÷°í ÀÖ°í Áß´ëÀçÇØó¹ú¹ý¿¡¼­ ±ÔÀ²ÇÏ´Â »ê¾÷ÀçÇØ°¡ ½Ã¹ÎÀçÇرîÁöµµ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±× Çü»çÀû Ã¥ÀÓÀ» °­È­ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡Àº ¹ýÁ¶°è¿¡¼­µµ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Ù¶óº¸°í ÀÖ´Ù(In the end, labor and management, both an interested party of the Serious Disaster Punishment Act, are not satisfied with The present bill, but The legal profession is positive that the existing Occupational Safety and Health Act has expanded the scope of protection for the worker, including civil accidents, strengthening its criminal responsibility). 

Áß´ëÀçÇØó¹ú¹ýÀÌ ½ÃÇàµÇÁö ¾ó¸¶ ¾ÈµÈ ½ÃÁ¡¿¡¼­ ÇöÀç »ê¾÷ÀçÇØ°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ÇöÀåµé°ú °æ¿µÀÚµéÀÇ ±â¼ÒµéÀÌ ´º½º¿¡ Á¾Á¾ ³ª¿À°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ ÇöÀçµµ ¼­¿ïº¯È£»çÇùȸ µî¿¡¼­ Áß´ëÀçÇØó¹ú¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼öÂ÷·Ê ¼¼¹Ì³ª·Î ¿¬±¸ Áß¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ÀçÆÇÀ» ÅëÇÑ ¹ýÀÇ Çؼ®°ú ÆǷʸ¦ ÅëÇØ Á¶±Ý´õ ¿ÏºñµÈ ¹ýÀÌ µÇ±â¸¦ ¼Ò¸ÁÇغ»´Ù(However, the Seoul Bar Association and others are still studying the Serious Accident Punishment Act as seminars on the Serious Accident Punishment Act, although the prosecution of industrial accidents and managers is often on the news. I hope to become a more complete law through interpretation and precedents of the law through trial). 

°è´ÜÀº ¿Ã¶ó°¡¶ó°í ¸¸µé¾îÁø °ÍÀÌ°í, ¿Ã¶ó°¡´Â ±æÀº ´©±º°¡¿¡°Ô´Â Çè¶õÇÏ°í °íÅ뽺·¯¿ï ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù(Stairs are designed to go up, and the way up can be rough and painful for someone). ÇÏÁö¸¸ °è´ÜÀº ¿Ã¶ó¾ß¸¸ ¸ñÀûÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í »çȸµµ ÁøÀϺ¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù(However, you can achieve your goal only when you climb the stairs, and society can move forward). 
 

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